Anthracite Coal: Definition and Carbondale History
Chapter 1

The birth of America's first deep mine

Chapter 2

The dark and dangerous life underground

Chapter 3

The breaker boys and child labor

Chapter 4

The immigrant melting pot and labor unions

YOUR GOAL

Master of The coal miners of Carbondale

Ch 2 · The dark and dangerous life underground
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vadaleela Holding up the mountain with timber

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vadaleela Carbondale Anthracite Miners

Down in the Carbondale shaft so deep / (Yeah, we mine the black stone!) / We work the dark while the city's asleep / (Never digging alone!)

Aug 18

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vadaleela The silent killer called firedamp

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Holding up the mountain with timber

vadaleela Miners used the room and pillar method to support the immense weight of the earth above.

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The silent killer called firedamp

vadaleela Miners faced constant danger from firedamp, a highly explosive mixture of methane and air.

Aug 18

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Midnight Mules
BETA

vadaleela Experience the lives of underground coal mining mules in Carbondale, Pennsylvania. Play this educational game to guide them through the dark mines.

Aug 18

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Fun Fact

Underground stables: Many mining mules in Carbondale lived their entire lives in underground stables carved directly into the coal seams, never seeing natural daylight.

Aug 18

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Glossary
anthracite (noun)
A hard, compact variety of coal that has a high luster and burns with little flame and smoke. Carbondale workers began mining this valuable resource in the nation's first deep-vein underground mine in June 1831.

Aug 18

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Gossip

Which mine job sounds the scariest?

Aug 18

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Quiz

Why did early coal miners carry caged canaries into the underground shafts?

Aug 18

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vadaleela The 1846 cave-in catastrophe

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Gossip

Would you trust a canary safety system?

Aug 18

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Quiz

What did coal miners call the highly explosive methane gas that accumulated in underground tunnels?

Aug 18

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vadaleela The door boys of the dark tunnels

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Quiz

Which animals were commonly kept in underground stables to haul heavy coal cars through Carbondale's mines?

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Quiz

What was the primary job of a 'door boy' in the Carbondale coal mines?

Aug 18

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Quiz

What mining method used in Carbondale left large columns of coal untouched to support the roof?

Aug 18

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Quiz

What major disaster occurred in Carbondale on January 12, 1846, killing 14 men?

Aug 18

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Quiz

What was the primary source of light on a miner's cap in the late 1800s, before carbide and electric lamps were invented?

Aug 18

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Quiz

What chronic, debilitating lung disease did miners contract from inhaling coal dust over decades?

Aug 18