What angle did Eratosthenes measure the sun's shadow to be in
Chapter 1

The flat myth and the ancient curve

Chapter 2

The spin that squashed the poles

Chapter 3

The lumpy gravity of the geoid

Chapter 4

Mapping a round world on a flat screen

YOUR GOAL

Master of The lumpy potato we call home

Ch 1 · The flat myth and the ancient curve
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007skaty Ancient Indian scholars used mathematics to study the night sky

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007skaty Spherical Earth History

Never flat, just a curve, we always knew.

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We can measure what is beyond our sight by observing what is right before us.

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007skaty Al-Biruni measured the Earth using a mountain peak.

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Al-Biruni and the mountain peak shortcut

007skaty At Fort Nandana in Pakistan, Al-Biruni used trigonometry and a mountain's horizon dip angle to measure Earth's radius

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The mathematical sky of ancient India

007skaty Glowing mathematical diagrams and constellations surround a spherical Earth in the ancient Indian sky.

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Fun Fact

Eratosthenes' nickname: The ancient Greek scholar Eratosthenes was nicknamed 'Beta' because his contemporaries thought he was the second-best in every field of study.

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Glossary
sphericity (noun)
The quality, state, or condition of being spherical. Eratosthenes calculated Earth's sphericity around 240 BCE, debunking the historical misconception of medieval flat-Earth beliefs.
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Gossip

Which ancient explorer would you sail with?

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Quiz

How did Islamic scholar Al-Biruni measure the Earth's radius in the 11th century?

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007skaty Ancient scientists measured the size of the Earth using simple shadows.

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Quiz

What ancient unit of distance did Eratosthenes use to calculate the Earth's circumference?

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007skaty Sailing ships provide physical proof of the ocean's curvature.

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Quiz

In which modern country did Al-Biruni conduct his famous mountain-peak measurement of the Earth?

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Quiz

Which Indian astronomer calculated the Earth's circumference in 499 CE with an error of less than 1%?

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Quiz

What angle did Eratosthenes measure the sun's shadow to be in Alexandria on the summer solstice?

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Quiz

Which ancient city, now called Aswan, had a famous well where the sun cast no shadow at noon on the summer solstice?

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Quiz

What did Eratosthenes hire to measure the distance between Alexandria and Syene?

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Quiz

Which Greek philosopher first proposed a spherical Earth based on aesthetic perfection in 500 BCE?

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