Render time: To render a single frame of Woody's complex
Chapter 1

The illusion of life

Chapter 2

Deep space on a flat screen

Chapter 3

Math meets imagination

Chapter 4

The modern hybrid

YOUR GOAL

Master of How to make a drawing breathe

Ch 3 · Math meets imagination
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Painting with mathematical light

disney Volumetric glowing particles and swirling dust show light rays refracting through deep water

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Calculating the physics of curly hair

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Fun Fact

Render time: To render a single frame of Woody's complex hair and fabric in Toy Story 4, computers sometimes took up to 30 hours.

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Glossary
parabola (noun)
A symmetrical open plane curve formed by the intersection of a cone with a plane parallel to its side. Pixar animators used this mathematical curve to model millions of individual grass blades for the film Brave.

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Gossip

Which Pixar movie made you care the most about its characters?

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Quiz

Which Pixar film used path-tracing technology to realistically render water, glass, and octopus skin?

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Quiz

In what year did Pixar release Toy Story, the world's first fully computer-animated feature film?

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Quiz

How many individual digital controls did Woody's character rig have in Toy Story 4?

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Quiz

What is path tracing in modern computer animation?

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Quiz

How does 3D computer animation differ fundamentally from traditional 2D animation?

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Quiz

Why did Pixar spend three years developing a new physics engine for the movie Brave?

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Quiz

What is the term for the digital skeleton built inside a 3D character model to allow movement?

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Quiz

What is a render farm in the context of computer animation?

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