Expert Systems: Rise, Fall, and AI History
Chapter 1

Defining the finish line of artificial minds

Chapter 2

The frozen history of artificial intelligence

Chapter 3

Under the hood of modern language models

Chapter 4

The deep divide between human and machine minds

Ch 2 · The frozen history of artificial intelligence
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007skaty The rise of early artificial intelligence and the first AI winter

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The golden years and the first cold snap

007skaty When simple translation programs failed, the British government's 1973 Lighthill Report slashed funding, triggering the 1974 to 1980 AI winter.

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Quiz

What was the primary technical limitation that caused early AI programs of the 1960s to fail at complex real-world tasks?

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Quiz

Which highly critical 1973 report led the British government to drastically cut funding for artificial intelligence research?

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Rigid rules fail in a world of endless exceptions.

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007skaty Rule-based expert systems experienced a dramatic rise and fall.

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The rise and fall of expert systems

007skaty Cheaper desktop computers outperformed specialized LISP machines, crashing the early artificial intelligence market.

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Quiz

Why did 1980s corporate expert systems ultimately prove impractical for widespread use?

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Quiz

What kind of specialized computers, built to run a popular AI programming language, collapsed commercially in 1987?

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Fun Fact

Winter debate: The term 'AI winter' was first argued at a public conference panel in 1984 to warn of over-hyped industry promises.

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007skaty The science of the technology hype cycle

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The science of the hype cycle
BETA

007skaty Track AI trends on the curve to learn why the future takes time to arrive.

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Quiz

In the Gartner Hype Cycle, what phase immediately follows the 'Peak of Inflated Expectations'?

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Quiz

What term is used to describe the final, stable stage of the Gartner Hype Cycle where a technology's real-world benefits are widely demonstrated?

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Gossip

Do you think we are currently heading toward a third AI winter?

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007skaty Deep Learning

AlexNet broke the cold AI ice (broke the ice!) / By winning the ImageNet prize (yeah, the prize!)

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Quiz

Which famous neural network won the ImageNet visual recognition challenge in 2012, sparking the modern deep learning boom?

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Quiz

What hardware component, originally designed for video games, made the training of modern deep neural networks computationally possible?

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