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hue Drag gravitons between massive objects to learn how they create the force of gravity.
hue Graviton
Spin of two, spin of two! Massless waves are pulling you!
hue Scientists propose a tiny, invisible particle called the graviton to carry the force of gravity across space.
Graviton speed: If gravitons exist, they must travel at exactly the speed of light, meaning a change in Earth's gravity would take 8 minutes to reach the Sun.
hue Particle physics explains almost everything using a master list called the Standard Model, but gravity is completely left out.
A hypothetical elementary particle that mediates the force of gravitation in quantum field theory. Physicists propose this particle to reconcile quantum mechanics with Albert Einstein's 1915 theory of general relativity.
If the Sun suddenly vanished, how long would it take for Earth to feel the gravitational change?
In what year did Isaac Newton publish his mathematical description of gravity?
Which particle carries the electromagnetic force in the Standard Model?
What is the name of the master framework of particle physics that currently excludes gravity?
What is the ultimate goal of combining quantum mechanics and gravity called?
hue Mix quarks, leptons, and bosons to figure out how the universe builds all matter.
hue The Standard Model
Try to pull a single quark and snap the gluon thread, You'll only make a brand-new pair of quarks right there instead.
hue Quarks are held together by a unique property called color charge, which has nothing to do with real colors.
Quark naming history: Murray Gell-Mann named 'quarks' after a whimsical line about 'three quarks for Muster Mark' in James Joyce's 1939 novel Finnegans Wake.
hue Quarks come in six distinct varieties, or 'flavors', each with unique properties.
Any of a class of subatomic particles that carry a fractional electric charge and are the building blocks of hadrons. In 1964, Murray Gell-Mann proposed this particle, which interacts with leptons and bosons to form atomic structure.
Which two physicists independently proposed the existence of quarks in 1964?
What literary work inspired the name of the subatomic quark?
What are the three types of 'color charge' that quarks carry?
What is the collective name for particles made of bound quarks, such as protons and neutrons?
Why can scientists never observe a single quark on its own?
Which of the six quark flavors is the heaviest, weighing about as much as a gold atom?
hue Neutron Stars
Heavy teaspoon, heavy teaspoon / Six billion tons in a single spoon!
hue Irish astrophysicist Jocelyn Bell Burnell discovered the first neutron star in 1967 using a hand-built radio telescope.
Neutron star density: A single teaspoon of neutron star material would weigh as much as Mount Everest.
hue Neutron stars pack the mass of a giant sun into a sphere the size of a city.
A star that suddenly increases greatly in brightness because of a catastrophic explosion that ejects most of its mass. In 1054, Chinese astronomers recorded one such explosion that created the famous Crab Nebula neutron star.
What is the approximate weight of a teaspoon of neutron star material?
How much stronger is a neutron star's crust compared to steel?
What was the humorous nickname given to the first pulsing radio signal detected from space?
What subatomic particles are forced together to form neutrons during a star's collapse?
Which historical astronomers recorded the supernova of 1054 CE that created the Crab Nebula?