Releasing the biological brakes
Chapter 1

The body's defense force

Chapter 2

Releasing the biological brakes

Chapter 3

Living drugs and cellular engineers

Chapter 4

The future frontier of healing

YOUR GOAL

Master of The immunotherapy revolution

Ch 2 · Releasing the biological brakes
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futura Tasuku Honjo and the PD-1 pathway

Jul 9

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futura Releasing the biological brakes

Your own body's power, Starts seeing the way. Those biological brakes, Are off, come what may.

Jul 9

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futura Jim Allison and the CTLA-4 breakthrough

Jun 18

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Tasuku Honjo and the PD-1 pathway

futura Dr. Tasuku Honjo discovered the PD-1 protein, leading to highly effective therapies for multiple cancer types.

Jun 17

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Jim Allison and the CTLA-4 breakthrough

futura Immunologist Jim Allison developed an antibody that blocks the CTLA-4 brake, letting T cells attack tumors.

Jun 17

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Free the Fighters - strong, but a bit aggressive.
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BETA

futura Direct your immune cells to master how they fight disease without attacking healthy cells.

Jun 18

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Fun Fact

Nobel prize celebration: To celebrate his 2018 Nobel Prize, Jim Allison, a talented harmonica player, performed live with his blues band, the Checkpoints, at the Nobel gala.

Jun 17

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Glossary
checkpoint inhibitor (noun)
A type of drug that blocks proteins preventing the immune system from attacking cancer cells. In 2018, James P. Allison and Tasuku Honjo won a Nobel Prize for pioneering this therapy.

Jun 17

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Gossip

Should drug companies cap profits on life-saving cancer breakthroughs?

Jun 17

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Quiz

What was the name of the first FDA-approved checkpoint inhibitor drug, approved in 2011 to treat advanced melanoma?

Jun 17

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futura The discovery of immune checkpoints

Jun 18

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Quiz

How do some cancer cells exploit the PD-1 pathway to survive?

Jun 17

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futura The Nobel Prize of 2018

Jun 18

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Quiz

Why did Jim Allison and Tasuku Honjo jointly win the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 2018?

Jun 17

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Quiz

Which type of cancer was the first to show dramatic, long-term remission rates during early clinical trials of checkpoint inhibitors?

Jun 17

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Quiz

What is a common side effect of checkpoint inhibitor drugs due to the "brakes" being removed from the immune system?

Jun 17

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Quiz

Which American immunologist discovered that blocking the CTLA-4 checkpoint could unleash T cells to destroy tumors in mice?

Jun 17

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Quiz

In 1992, Japanese researcher Dr. Tasuku Honjo discovered which critical immune checkpoint protein?

Jun 17

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Quiz

What is the biological purpose of "immune checkpoints" like CTLA-4 and PD-1 in the human body?

Jun 17