Chapter 1
Shrinking down to the atomic scale
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Chapter 2
The global machine that builds them
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Chapter 3
Powering the next generation of tech
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Chapter 4
Beyond the silicon wall
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YOUR GOAL
Master of Inside the 2-nanometer microchip
Ch 1 · Shrinking down to the atomic scale
play_review Atomic Scale Shrinking
Ten atoms wide, ten atoms wide! Our future is ten atoms wide.
play_review Packing billions more transistors onto a single chip shortens the distance electrical signals must travel, boosting speed.
play_review The gate-all-around design wraps the transistor's control gate around all sides of the channel to prevent electrical leaks.
BETA
play_review Stack microscopic transistors to learn how 2-nanometer microchips power future tech.
Fun Fact
Microchip scale: A single strand of human DNA is about 2.5 nanometers wide, meaning 2-nanometer transistors are literally smaller than our genetic code.
Glossary
transistor (noun)
A semiconductor device used to amplify or switch electrical signals and power. IBM unveiled a 2-nanometer chip in 2021, packing fifty billion transistors onto a single fingernail-sized wafer.
A semiconductor device used to amplify or switch electrical signals and power. IBM unveiled a 2-nanometer chip in 2021, packing fifty billion transistors onto a single fingernail-sized wafer.
Quiz
Approximately how many silicon atoms wide is a 2-nanometer microchip structure?
Quiz
Approximately how many transistors can fit on a fingernail-sized 2-nanometer microchip?
Quiz
Why is the gate-all-around (GAA) transistor design superior to older FinFET designs?
Quiz
How does a 2-nanometer microchip's energy consumption compare to a 3-nanometer chip?
Quiz
Which material do engineers use to insulate and prevent quantum tunneling in 2-nanometer chips?
Quiz
Which physics phenomenon causes electrons to spontaneously slip through ultra-thin barriers in tiny chips?